A hiki i ka 1950s, ʻo ka ʻikepili o ka hana mīkini CNC i hele mai i nā kāleka punch, i hana nui ʻia ma o nā kaʻina hana lima paʻakikī.ʻO ka huli ʻana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o CNC ʻo ia ke hoʻololi ʻia ke kāleka e ka mana kamepiula, hōʻike pololei ia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻenehana kamepiula, a me ka hoʻolālā kōkua kamepiula (CAD) a me nā polokalamu kōkua kamepiula (CAM).Ua lilo ke kaʻina hana i hoʻokahi o nā noi mua o ka ʻenehana kamepiula hou.
ʻOiai ua manaʻo ʻia ka mīkini loiloi i hoʻomohala ʻia e Charles Babbage i ka waena o 1800s ʻo ia ka kamepiula mua i ka manaʻo o kēia manawa, ʻo ka Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) maoli-manawa kamepiula puahiohio I (i hānau ʻia hoʻi ma ka servo machinery laboratory) ʻO ka lolouila mua loa o ka honua me ka computing parallel a me ka memo magnetic core (e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi ma lalo).Hiki i ka hui ke hoʻohana i ka mīkini e hoʻopaʻa inoa i ka hana ʻana o ka lipine perforated i hoʻokele ʻia e ka lolouila.Ua hoʻohana ka mea hoʻokipa mua e pili ana i 5000 pahu hau a ua kaumaha ma kahi o 20000 paona.
ʻO ka holomua lohi o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka lolouila i kēia manawa kekahi o ka pilikia i kēlā manawa.Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole ʻike maoli ka poʻe e hoʻāʻo nei e kūʻai aku i kēia manaʻo - he poʻe loea kamepiula wale nō.I kēlā manawa, he mea ʻē ka manaʻo o NC i nā mea hana a ua lohi loa ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kēia ʻenehana i kēlā manawa, no laila ua pono ka US Army e hana i nā mīkini NC 120 a hoʻolimalima iā lākou i nā mea hana like ʻole e hoʻomaka e hoʻolaha i kā lākou hoʻohana. .
ʻO ka papahana hoʻolālā mai NC a CNC
Ma waena o nā makahiki 1950:Ua hānau ʻia ʻo G code, ka ʻōlelo hoʻolālā NC i hoʻohana nui ʻia ma ka servo mechanism Laboratory o Massachusetts Institute of Technology.Hoʻohana ʻia ke code G no ka haʻi ʻana i nā mea hana mīkini kamepiula pehea e hana ai i kekahi mea.Hoʻouna ʻia ke kauoha i ka mīkini hoʻoponopono, a laila e haʻi i ke kaʻa i ka wikiwiki o ka neʻe ʻana a me ke ala e hahai ai.
1956:ua manaʻo ka pūʻali ea e hana i ka ʻōlelo hoʻonohonoho maʻamau no ka mana helu.Ua hoʻomaka ke keʻena noiʻi MIT hou, i alakaʻi ʻia e Doug Ross a i kapa ʻia ʻo Computer Applications Group, e aʻo i ka manaʻo a hoʻomohala i kekahi mea i kapa ʻia ma hope aku ʻo ka ʻōlelo hoʻonohonoho polokalamu polokalamu polokalamu polokalamu (APT).
1957:ʻO ka hui ʻoihana mokulele a me kahi keʻena o ka mokulele i hui pū me MIT e hoʻohālikelike i ka hana apt a hana i ka mīkini CNC mana mua.Hoʻohana ʻo Apt, i hana ʻia ma mua o ka hana ʻana o ka interface kiʻi a me FORTRAN, e hoʻohana i ka kikokikona no ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka geometry a me nā ala mea hana i nā mīkini helu (NC).(Ua kākau ʻia ka mana hope ma FORTRAN, a ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻo apt ma ke kahua kīwila.
1957:ʻOiai e hana ana ma General Electric, ua hoʻomohala a hoʻokuʻu ka ʻepekema kamepiula ʻAmelika ʻo Patrick J. Hanratty i kahi ʻōlelo hoʻolālā NC pāʻoihana mua i kapa ʻia ʻo Pronto, nāna i hoʻokumu i ke kumu no nā papahana CAD e hiki mai ana a lanakila iā ia i ke poʻo inoa ʻole o "ka makua kāne o cad / cam".
"Ma Malaki 11, 1958, ua hānau ʻia kahi au hou o ka hana ʻana. hiki ke wili, wili, wili, a me nā ʻāpana pili ʻole ma waena o nā mīkini.
1959:Ua mālama ka hui MIT i kahi hālāwai kūkā e hōʻike i kā lākou mea hana mīkini CNC hou.
1959:ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ka pūʻali koa i hoʻokahi makahiki me ka MIT ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana uila e hoʻomohala i ka "papahana hoʻolālā kōkua kamepiula".Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana automation ʻōnaehana (AED) i ka lehulehu i ka makahiki 1965.
1959:Ua hoʻomaka ʻo General Motors (GM) e aʻo i ka mea i kapa ʻia ma hope o ka computer enhanced design (DAC-1), ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻōnaehana CAD kiʻi mua loa.I ka makahiki aʻe, ua hoʻolauna lākou iā IBM ma ke ʻano he hoa.Hiki ke nānā ʻia nā kaha kiʻi i loko o ka ʻōnaehana, nāna e hoʻohelu iā lākou a hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia.A laila, hiki i nā polokalamu ʻē aʻe ke hoʻololi i nā laina i nā ʻano 3D a hoʻopuka iā lākou i kūpono no ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka mīkini wili.Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo DAC-1 i ka hana ma 1963 a ua hoʻomaka i ka lehulehu ma 1964.
1962:ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ke kiʻi pāʻoihana mua CAD system electronic plotter (EDM) i hoʻomohala ʻia e itek, kahi mea hana pale pale US.Ua loaʻa iā ia e ka hui ʻikepili mana, kahi hui nui a me supercomputer, a kapa hou ʻia ʻo digigraphy.Ua hoʻohana mua ʻia e Lockheed a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe e hana i nā ʻāpana hana o ka mokulele mokulele C-5 Galaxy, e hōʻike ana i ka hihia mua o kahi ʻōnaehana hana cad / cnc end-to-end.
Ua kākau ʻo Time magazine i kēlā manawa i kahi ʻatikala ma EDM i Malaki, 1962, a kuhikuhi i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka mea hoʻohana i komo i kahi kamepiula maʻalahi ma o ka console, hiki ke hoʻoponopono i nā pilikia a mālama i nā pane ma ke ʻano kikohoʻe a me ka microfilm i loko o kāna waihona hoʻomanaʻo.E kaomi wale i ke pihi a kahakiʻi i kahi kiʻi me kahi peni māmā, a hiki i ka ʻenekini ke komo i ka kamaʻilio holo me EDM, e hoʻomanaʻo i kekahi o kāna mau kiʻi mua i ka pale i loko o ka millisecond, a hoʻololi i kā lākou laina a me nā pihi ma ka makemake.
Ke aʻo nei ʻo Ivan Sutherland i ka TX-2
kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi
I kēlā manawa, pono nā mea hoʻolālā mechanical a me nā uila i mea hana e wikiwiki ai i ka hana paʻakikī a me ka manawa a lākou i hana pinepine ai.No ka hoʻokō ʻana i kēia pono, ua hana ʻo Ivan E. Sutherland o ke Keʻena ʻenekinia uila ma MIT i kahi ʻōnaehana e hana i nā kamepiula kikohoʻe i hoa hana no nā mea hoʻolālā.
Loaʻa i nā mea mīkini CNC ka traction a me ka kaulana
I ka waena waena o 1960, ua hoʻololi ka puka ʻana o nā kamepiula liʻiliʻi i nā lula o ka pāʻani ma ka ʻoihana.Mahalo i ka transistor hou a me ka ʻenehana hoʻomanaʻo koʻikoʻi, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kēia mau mīkini ikaika ma mua o ka nui o ka lumi nui i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia manawa.
ʻO nā kamepiula liʻiliʻi, i ʻike ʻia ʻo nā kamepiula waena i kēlā manawa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kumukūʻai kumukūʻai, e hoʻokuʻu ana iā lākou mai nā palena o nā ʻoihana mua a i ʻole nā pūʻali koa, a hāʻawi i ka hiki o ka pololei, hilinaʻi a me ka hana hou ʻana i nā hui liʻiliʻi, ʻoihana.
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa, ʻo nā microcomputers he 8-bit hoʻokahi mea hoʻohana, nā mīkini maʻalahi e holo ana i nā ʻōnaehana hana maʻalahi (e like me MS-DOS), aʻo nā kamepiula subminiature he 16 bit a i ʻole 32-bit.ʻO nā hui hoʻoheheʻe honua ʻo Dec, data general, a me Hewlett Packard (HP) (e pili ana i kāna mau kamepiula liʻiliʻi kahiko, e like me ka HP3000, ma ke ʻano he "servers").
I nā makahiki 1970, ua lohi ka ulu ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai a me ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai hana i hana ʻia ka mīkini CNC e like me ka hopena maikaʻi a maikaʻi hoʻi, a ua hoʻonui ʻia ka noi no nā mea mīkini ʻōnaehana haʻahaʻa NC.ʻOiai ke nānā aku nei nā mea noiʻi ʻAmelika i nā ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe e like me ka lako polokalamu a me ka aerospace, ʻo Kelemania (i hui pū ʻia e Iapana i nā makahiki 1980) e kālele ana i nā mākeke haʻahaʻa a ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i nā kūʻai mīkini.Eia nō naʻe, i kēia manawa, aia kekahi pūʻulu o nā hui CAD ʻAmelika a me nā mea hoʻolako, me ka UGS Corp., computervision, applicon a me IBM.
I ka makahiki 1980, me ka emi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai ʻenehana ma muli o nā microprocessors a me ka puka ʻana mai o ka pūnaewele wahi kūloko (LAN), kahi pūnaewele kamepiula i hui pū ʻia me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ua ʻike pū ʻia ke kumukūʻai a me ka hiki ʻana o nā mīkini mīkini CNC.Ma ka hapa hope o nā makahiki 1980, ua hoʻololi ʻia nā kamepiula liʻiliʻi a me nā pahu kamepiula nui e nā keʻena hana pūnaewele, nā faila a me nā kamepiula pilikino (PCS), no laila e hoʻopau ʻia nā mīkini CNC o nā kulanui a me nā hui i hoʻokomo maʻamau iā lākou (no ka mea ʻo lākou wale nō. nā kamepiula makamae i hiki ke hele pū me lākou).
I ka makahiki 1989, ua hana ka National Institute of Standards and Technology ma lalo o ka US Department of Commerce i ka papahana hoʻoponopono mīkini hoʻonui (EMC2, i kapa hou ʻia ʻo linuxcnc), ʻo ia kahi ʻōnaehana polokalamu gnu/linux open-source e hoʻohana ana i kahi kamepiula kumu nui e hoʻokele i ka CNC. nā mīkini.Hoʻokumu ʻo Linuxcnc i ke ala no ka wā e hiki mai ana o nā mea mīkini mīkini CNC pilikino, ʻo ia nō nā noi paionia ma ke kahua o ka ʻikepili.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iulai-19-2022